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Adolescents¡¯ Experiences of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Study

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2023³â 53±Ç 5È£ p.538 ~ 555
KMID : 0806120230530050538
°íÁ¤¾Æ ( Ko Jung-A ) - 

±èÁö¿µ ( Kim Ji-Young ) - 

Abstract

Purpose: This qualitative study used interpretative phenomenological analysis and photovoice methods to explore the meaning of non-suicidal self-injury experienced by adolescents.

Methods: Participants were adolescents enrolled in middle and high schools in Gyeonggi-do and Jeollabuk-do who were selected through snowball sampling. Six participants had repeatedly engaged in self-injurious behavior for over a year. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and the photovoice method between November 2020 and July 2021. The collected data were analyzed using six steps of interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Results: The results yielded 5 main themes and 18 subthemes. The main themes were ¡®a silent cry to an indifferent world¡¯, ¡®a heartache that one endures with scars¡¯, ¡®an inescapable cycle¡¯, ¡®filling the space in one¡¯s heart¡¯, and ¡®healing the wounds¡¯. The study findings revealed that the self-injurious behavior of adolescents began as a consequence of feeling lost and struggling with conflicts at home and school, which helped them relieve tension and pain. Nonetheless, inflicting self-injury only left signs of regret and remorse, which became a trace that the participants wanted to hide. However, the wounds healed after receiving attention and support from others. They were determined to stop engaging in repeated self-injurious behaviors and made efforts to do so.

Conclusion: This study can be used as a basis for the development of educational programs to prevent non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents. Additionally, it can inform nursing interventions that focus on building support systems to help adolescents who attempt self-injury.
KeyWords

Self-Injurious Behavior, Adolescent, Qualitative Research, Voice, Photograph
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